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Fiche Environnement détaillée

La fiche Environnement détaillée a été élaborée selon la méthodologie développée dans l'indicateur de risque des pesticides du Québec (IRPeQ).

piclorame (acide ou sel de potassium)
Abréviation : PIC
Types de pesticides : Herbicide
Numéro CAS : 1918-02-1 / 2545-60-0

Écotoxicologie

> 2510.0

US EPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention), 2013, Problem Formulation for the Environmental Fate and Ecological Risk, Endangered Species, and Drinking Water Assessments in Support of the Registration Review of Picloram, 111 pages, EPA-HQ-OPP-2013-0740-0005. https://www.regulations.gov

US EPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development), Environmental Fate and Effects Division (EFED), The ECOTOXicology Database, (pages consultées en mars 2018), [En ligne], http://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/

 

  • La forme acide du piclorame est faiblement toxique chez les oiseaux exposés par voie orale (DL50 > 2 510 mg/kg p.c. chez le canard colvert). Le piclorame sous forme de sel de potassium est également faiblement toxique chez les oiseaux exposés par voie orale (DL50 > 2 250 mg/kg p.c. chez le canard colvert).

  • US EPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention), 2013, Problem Formulation for the Environmental Fate and Ecological Risk, Endangered Species, and Drinking Water Assessments in Support of the Registration Review of Picloram, 111 pages, EPA-HQ-OPP-2013-0740-0005. https://www.regulations.gov

    US EPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development), Environmental Fate and Effects Division (EFED), The ECOTOXicology Database, (pages consultées en mars 2018), [En ligne], http://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/

14.5

US EPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention), 2013, Problem Formulation for the Environmental Fate and Ecological Risk, Endangered Species, and Drinking Water Assessments in Support of the Registration Review of Picloram, 111 pages, EPA-HQ-OPP-2013-0740-0005. https://www.regulations.gov

US EPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development), Environmental Fate and Effects Division (EFED), The ECOTOXicology Database, (pages consultées en mars 2018), [En ligne], http://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/

  • Cet herbicide est faiblement toxique chez les abeilles (DL50 par contact de 14,5 µg/abeille pour la forme acide et > 100 µg/abeille pour le sel de potassium).

  • US EPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention), 2013, Problem Formulation for the Environmental Fate and Ecological Risk, Endangered Species, and Drinking Water Assessments in Support of the Registration Review of Picloram, 111 pages, EPA-HQ-OPP-2013-0740-0005. https://www.regulations.gov

    US EPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development), Environmental Fate and Effects Division (EFED), The ECOTOXicology Database, (pages consultées en mars 2018), [En ligne], http://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/

> 4475.0

University of Hertfordshire (2013). The Pesticide Properties DataBase (PPDB) developed by the Agriculture & Environment Research Unit (AERU), University of Hertfordshire, 2006-2013., (Pages consultées en mars 2018), [En ligne]. http://sitem.herts.ac.uk/aeru/ppdb/en/index.htm

5500.0

US EPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention), 2013, Problem Formulation for the Environmental Fate and Ecological Risk, Endangered Species, and Drinking Water Assessments in Support of the Registration Review of Picloram, 111 pages, EPA-HQ-OPP-2013-0740-0005. https://www.regulations.gov

34400.0

US EPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention), 2013, Problem Formulation for the Environmental Fate and Ecological Risk, Endangered Species, and Drinking Water Assessments in Support of the Registration Review of Picloram, 111 pages, EPA-HQ-OPP-2013-0740-0005. https://www.regulations.gov

34900.0

US EPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention), 2013, Problem Formulation for the Environmental Fate and Ecological Risk, Endangered Species, and Drinking Water Assessments in Support of the Registration Review of Picloram, 111 pages, EPA-HQ-OPP-2013-0740-0005. https://www.regulations.gov

102000.0

University of Hertfordshire (2013). The Pesticide Properties DataBase (PPDB) developed by the Agriculture & Environment Research Unit (AERU), University of Hertfordshire, 2006-2013., (Pages consultées en mars 2018), [En ligne]. http://sitem.herts.ac.uk/aeru/ppdb/en/index.htm

  • La forme acide du piclorame est modérément toxique chez les poissons d'eau douce (CL50 - 96 h de 5 500 µg/L chez la truite arc-en-ciel) et faiblement toxique pour les plantes vasculaires (CE50 – 7 jours de 102 000 µg/L pour Lemna gibba). Elle est légèrement toxique pour les invertébrés aquatiques d’eau douce (CE50 – 48 h de 34 400 µg/L pour Daphnia magna) et pour les algues vertes (CE50 - 96 h de 34 900 µg/L pour Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata). Quant au piclorame sous forme de sel de potassium, il est légèrement toxique pour les poissons d’eau douce (CL50 - 96 h de 13 000 µg/L chez la truite arc-en-ciel) et pour les invertébrés aquatiques d’eau douce (CE50 – 48 h de 68 300 µg/L pour Daphnia magna). Le potentiel de bioaccumulation du piclorame dans les tissus des organismes aquatiques est faible selon la valeur du log P de cet herbicide.

  • US EPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention), 2013, Problem Formulation for the Environmental Fate and Ecological Risk, Endangered Species, and Drinking Water Assessments in Support of the Registration Review of Picloram, 111 pages, EPA-HQ-OPP-2013-0740-0005. https://www.regulations.gov

    US EPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development), Environmental Fate and Effects Division (EFED), The ECOTOXicology Database, (pages consultées en mars 2018), [En ligne], http://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/

    University of Hertfordshire (2013). The Pesticide Properties DataBase (PPDB) developed by the Agriculture & Environment Research Unit (AERU), University of Hertfordshire, 2006-2013., (Pages consultées en mars 2018), [En ligne]. http://sitem.herts.ac.uk/aeru/ppdb/en/index.htm

Propriétés physicochimiques
430.0

US EPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention), 2013, Problem Formulation for the Environmental Fate and Ecological Risk, Endangered Species, and Drinking Water Assessments in Support of the Registration Review of Picloram, 111 pages, EPA-HQ-OPP-2013-0740-0005. https://www.regulations.gov

7.2

US EPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention), 2013, Problem Formulation for the Environmental Fate and Ecological Risk, Endangered Species, and Drinking Water Assessments in Support of the Registration Review of Picloram, 111 pages, EPA-HQ-OPP-2013-0740-0005. https://www.regulations.gov
-1.92

US EPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention), 2013, Problem Formulation for the Environmental Fate and Ecological Risk, Endangered Species, and Drinking Water Assessments in Support of the Registration Review of Picloram, 111 pages, EPA-HQ-OPP-2013-0740-0005. https://www.regulations.gov
383.0

US EPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention), 2013, Problem Formulation for the Environmental Fate and Ecological Risk, Endangered Species, and Drinking Water Assessments in Support of the Registration Review of Picloram, 111 pages, EPA-HQ-OPP-2013-0740-0005. https://www.regulations.gov
80.8

University of Hertfordshire (2013). The Pesticide Properties DataBase (PPDB) developed by the Agriculture & Environment Research Unit (AERU), University of Hertfordshire, 2006-2013., (Pages consultées en mars 2018), [En ligne]. http://sitem.herts.ac.uk/aeru/ppdb/en/index.htm

Comportement dans l'environnement

Le piclorame sous forme acide est persistant dans les sols en condition aérobie (demi-vie de 167 à 513 jours) et en condition anaérobie (stable). Il est modérément persistant dans l’eau en condition aérobie (demi-vie de 80,8 jours) et persistant en condition anaérobie (stable). Cet herbicide est stable à l’hydrolyse aux pH normalement rencontrés dans l’environnement. Le piclorame sous forme acide se dégrade rapidement par photolyse dans l’eau (demi-vie de 16 jours). Les produits de transformation principaux du piclorame comprennent l’acide oxamique et le 3-oxo-beta-alanine. Selon l’EPA, ces métabolites ne devraient pas être persistants dans le sol.

US EPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention), 2013, Problem Formulation for the Environmental Fate and Ecological Risk, Endangered Species, and Drinking Water Assessments in Support of the Registration Review of Picloram, 111 pages, EPA-HQ-OPP-2013-0740-0005. https://www.regulations.gov

University of Hertfordshire (2013). The Pesticide Properties DataBase (PPDB) developed by the Agriculture & Environment Research Unit (AERU), University of Hertfordshire, 2006-2013., (Pages consultées en mars 2018), [En ligne]. http://sitem.herts.ac.uk/aeru/ppdb/en/index.htm

La constante d'adsorption sur le carbone organique (Koc) de la forme acide du piclorame est de 7,2 ml/g. Il est donc très mobile dans les sols et son potentiel de lessivage est élevé. Cet herbicide est susceptible d’être entraîné jusque dans les eaux souterraines. Il est non volatil à partir des sols humides et de l'eau selon la constante de la loi de Henry (H = 3,0 x 10-12 atm.m3/mol).

US EPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention), 2013, Problem Formulation for the Environmental Fate and Ecological Risk, Endangered Species, and Drinking Water Assessments in Support of the Registration Review of Picloram, 111 pages, EPA-HQ-OPP-2013-0740-0005. https://www.regulations.gov